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ERRANT + ERRANT-CZ + Opravidlo extension error-type vocabulary

Release: 2025-10-05

This version:: 1.0
Latest version:: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#
Issued on:: 2025-10-05
Authors:: Zuzana Neverilova, NLP Centre, Masaryk University
Imported Ontologies:: lexinfo
Source:: Merged vocabulary (ERRANT Bryant 2019), ERRANT-CZ (Náplava et al. 2022) and Opravidlo rules.
Funding:: OSCARS
Download serialization:
License:
Cite as:: Errant Merged Ontology

Ontology Specification

Abstract

This ontology provides a FAIR, interoperable vocabulary for grammatical error annotation and correction, integrating the English-focused ERRANT taxonomy with Czech-specific extensions from ERRANT-CZ and fine-grained categories derived from Czech proofreading and correction rules (Opravidlo). The ontology formalizes error types, subtypes, and correction operations in RDF, aligns linguistic properties with the LexInfo ontology, and supports multilingual grammatical error correction research, annotation interoperability, and data reuse.

Introduction

Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) relies on well-defined error taxonomies to ensure consistent annotation, evaluation, and comparability across datasets. ERRANT has become a widely used framework for English GEC, while subsequent work extended it to other languages, including Czech.

In parallel, Czech proofreading and correction tools have developed detailed rule-based classifications that are not fully covered by standard GEC taxonomies. This ontology bridges these approaches by unifying ERRANT, ERRANT-CZ, and Czech proofreading rules into a single, formally defined RDF vocabulary.

Overview

The ontology is organized as a hierarchical system of error categories and correction operations. It consists of three main layers: the core ERRANT taxonomy, Czech-specific ERRANT-CZ extensions, and an extended layer based on Czech proofreading rules (Opravidlo).

Morphological, lexical, orthographic, syntactic, stylistic, and phonological error categories
Explicit modeling of correction operations (Missing, Unnecessary, Replacement)
Alignment with LexInfo for linguistic features such as tense, case, number, gender, and aspect

Description

All error categories are modeled as RDF classes organized using rdfs:subClassOf relations. Correction operations are represented as explicit resources and linked to error types.

The ontology covers multiple linguistic dimensions, including morphology (inflection and agreement), lexical choice, orthography and typography, syntax, style, and phonology. Czech-specific phenomena such as rich inflection, agreement mismatches, diacritics, and quotation conventions are explicitly modeled.

Where relevant, error categories are enriched with LexInfo properties (e.g. tense, aspect, case, number), allowing integration with lexical and morphosyntactic resources.

Cross-reference for ERRANT + ERRANT-CZ + Opravidlo extension error-type vocabulary classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by ERRANT + ERRANT-CZ + Opravidlo extension error-type vocabulary.

Classes

Adjective
AdjectiveInflection
Adverb
Conjunction
Contraction
CS:ADJ_INFL
CS:NOUN_INFL
CS:NUM_INFL
CS:OTHER
CS:PRON_INFL
CS:PROPN_INFL
CS:QUOTATION
CS:VERB_INFL
CS:WO
Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ)
Determiner
Edit operation
ERRANT error type (generic)
LEX (lexical choice errors)
LEX:MISUSE:BAD_EXPR
LEX:MISUSE:BAD_PRON
LEX:MISUSE:BAD_WORD
LEX:MISUSE:HYPERCORRECT_EXPR
LEX:MISUSE:INCORR_EXPR
LEX:MISUSE:INCORRECT_DRUHAK
LEX:MISUSE:POTENTIAL_BAD_EXPR
LEX:MISUSE:VIZ
Missing
MORPH:FORM:BAD_FORM
MORPH:INFL
MORPH:INFL:BAD_EXPR
MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM
MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM_JENZ
MORPH:INFL:BAD_PRON
MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_BE
MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_FORM
MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_SE
MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ADJ
MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ATTR_MOD
MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_SUBJ_VERB
MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_ME_MNE
MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_YI
MORPH:MISUSE
MORPH:MISUSE:BAD_NEGATION
MORPH:MISUSE:SWAPPED_MI_MY
MORPH:MISUSE:SWAPPED_SEBOU
Morphology
Noun
NounInflection
NounNumber
NounPossessive
ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_CAPITAL
ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_LOWER
ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_SENT_START
ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_CAPITAL
ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER
ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL
ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL_LOWER
ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_LOWER_CAPITAL
ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_LOWER_LOWER
ORTH:WSPACE:EXTRA_SPACE
Orthography
Other
Particle
PHON (phonological errors)
PHON:VOCAL:BAD_PREP
Preposition
Pronoun
PronounInflection
ProperNoun
ProperNounInflection
Punctuation
Replacement
SPELL:DICT:CONFUSION
SPELL:DICT:NOT_FOUND
Spelling
STYLE
STYLE:MISUSE:ARCHAIC_TERM
STYLE:MISUSE:BAD_HONORIFIC
STYLE:MISUSE:PLEONASM
STYLE:MISUSE:PLEONASM_OBA
STYLE:MISUSE:REPEATED_EXPR
STYLE:MISUSE:REPEATED_PRON
STYLE:MISUSE:TOO_MANY_PREPS
SYNTAX
SYNTAX:MISUSE:BAD_PRON_POS
SYNTAX:MISUSE:BAD_SENT_CONN
SYNTAX:MISUSE:BAD_SENT_STRUCTURE
SYNTAX:MISUSE:COLLOQ_CO
SYNTAX:MISUSE:ZEUGMA
SYNTAX:OMM:MISSING_VERB
TYPO (typography & punctuation)
TYPO:PUNCT:GENERAL
Unknown
Unnecessary
Verb
VerbAgreement
VerbForm
VerbInflection
VerbTense
WordOrder

Adjective^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ADJ

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
is also defined as: named individual

AdjectiveInflection^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ADJ_INFL

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: CS:ADJ_INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Adverb^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ADV

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Conjunction^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CONJ

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Contraction^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CONTR

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
is also defined as: named individual

CS:ADJ_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_ADJ_INFL

has super-classes: AdjectiveInflection ^c, Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c
has sub-classes: MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM ^c, MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ADJ ^c, MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ATTR_MOD ^c
is also defined as: named individual

CS:NOUN_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_NOUN_INFL

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, NounInflection ^c
has sub-classes: MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM ^c
is also defined as: named individual

CS:NUM_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_NUM_INFL

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c
is also defined as: named individual

CS:OTHER^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_OTHER

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, Other ^c
is also defined as: named individual

CS:PRON_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_PRON_INFL

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, PronounInflection ^c
has sub-classes: MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM_JENZ ^c
is also defined as: named individual

CS:PROPN_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_PROPN_INFL

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, ProperNounInflection ^c
is also defined as: named individual

CS:QUOTATION^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_QUOTATION

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, Punctuation ^c
is also defined as: named individual

CS:VERB_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_VERB_INFL

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, VerbInflection ^c
has sub-classes: MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_BE ^c, MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_FORM ^c, MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_SUBJ_VERB ^c
is also defined as: named individual

CS:WO^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_WO

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, WordOrder ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ)^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_ErrorType

Superclass for Czech-specific extensions to the ERRANT typology.

Source: Náplava et al. 2022 (TACL / arXiv) and UFAL errant_czech GitHub.

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: CS:ADJ_INFL ^c, CS:NOUN_INFL ^c, CS:NUM_INFL ^c, CS:OTHER ^c, CS:PRON_INFL ^c, CS:PROPN_INFL ^c, CS:QUOTATION ^c, CS:VERB_INFL ^c, CS:WO ^c, LEX (lexical choice errors) ^c, LEX:MISUSE:BAD_EXPR ^c, LEX:MISUSE:BAD_PRON ^c, LEX:MISUSE:BAD_WORD ^c, LEX:MISUSE:HYPERCORRECT_EXPR ^c, LEX:MISUSE:INCORRECT_DRUHAK ^c, LEX:MISUSE:INCORR_EXPR ^c, LEX:MISUSE:POTENTIAL_BAD_EXPR ^c, LEX:MISUSE:VIZ ^c, Morphology ^c, PHON (phonological errors) ^c, SPELL:DICT:CONFUSION ^c, SPELL:DICT:NOT_FOUND ^c, STYLE ^c, SYNTAX ^c, TYPO (typography & punctuation) ^c

Determiner^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#DET

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Edit operation^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#Operation

Edit operation type used in ERRANT (Missing / Replacement / Unnecessary).

has sub-classes: Missing ^c, Replacement ^c, Unnecessary ^c
is in range of: allowedOperation ^op

ERRANT error type (generic)^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ErrorType

Superclass for specific error categories in the ERRANT typology.

has sub-classes: Adjective ^c, AdjectiveInflection ^c, Adverb ^c, Conjunction ^c, Contraction ^c, Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, Determiner ^c, Morphology ^c, Noun ^c, NounInflection ^c, NounNumber ^c, NounPossessive ^c, Orthography ^c, Other ^c, Particle ^c, Preposition ^c, Pronoun ^c, PronounInflection ^c, ProperNoun ^c, ProperNounInflection ^c, Punctuation ^c, Spelling ^c, Unknown ^c, Verb ^c, VerbAgreement ^c, VerbForm ^c, VerbInflection ^c, VerbTense ^c, WordOrder ^c
is in domain of: allowedOperation ^op

LEX (lexical choice errors)^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#LEX

Lexical choice / misuse errors: wrong word, incorrect lexical form or selection.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c
has sub-classes: LEX:MISUSE:BAD_EXPR ^c, LEX:MISUSE:BAD_PRON ^c, LEX:MISUSE:BAD_WORD ^c, LEX:MISUSE:HYPERCORRECT_EXPR ^c, LEX:MISUSE:INCORRECT_DRUHAK ^c, LEX:MISUSE:INCORR_EXPR ^c, LEX:MISUSE:POTENTIAL_BAD_EXPR ^c, LEX:MISUSE:VIZ ^c

LEX:MISUSE:BAD_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#LEX_MISUSE_BAD_EXPR

Bad or non-existing word form used (lexical form is invalid/nonstandard).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Datumy jeho dalších návštěv zatím nejsou známé. → Data jeho dalších návštěv zatím nejsou známé.

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, LEX (lexical choice errors) ^c

LEX:MISUSE:BAD_PRON^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#LEX_MISUSE_BAD_PRON

Bad pronoun used (wrong pronoun choice or form).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, LEX (lexical choice errors) ^c

LEX:MISUSE:BAD_WORD^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#LEX_MISUSE_BAD_WORD

Wrong word chosen (word is real but semantically incorrect in context).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Člověk si mohl vybrat jakékoli ze čtyřiadvaceti okének. → Člověk si mohl vybrat kterékoli ze čtyřiadvaceti okének.

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, LEX (lexical choice errors) ^c

LEX:MISUSE:HYPERCORRECT_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#LEX_MISUSE_HYPERCORRECT_EXPR

Hypercorrect form used — hyperforeign or over-regularized form.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Demonstranté se sešli na náměstí. → Demonstranti se sešli na náměstí.

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, LEX (lexical choice errors) ^c

LEX:MISUSE:INCORR_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#LEX_MISUSE_INCORR_EXPR

Word with same reading but different orthography used incorrectly (confusion of homophones/homographs).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Šlo mu jen o vřelé obětí. → Šlo mu jen o vřelé objetí.

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, LEX (lexical choice errors) ^c

LEX:MISUSE:INCORRECT_DRUHAK^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#LEX_MISUSE_INCORRECT_DRUHAK

Use of the nonstandard/incorrect form 'druhak' instead of standard connective.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Jednak se mi líbí a druhak je chytrá. → Jednak se mi líbí a jednak je chytrá.

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, LEX (lexical choice errors) ^c

LEX:MISUSE:POTENTIAL_BAD_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#LEX_MISUSE_POTENTIAL_BAD_EXPR

Potentially ambiguous or nonstandard lexical choice that could be misunderstood.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Včera jsem ti poslal email. → Včera jsem ti poslal e-mail.

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, LEX (lexical choice errors) ^c

LEX:MISUSE:VIZ^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#LEX_MISUSE_VIZ

Incorrect use of the abbreviation 'viz.' including punctuation.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

"viz. strany 172–174" (incorrect) → "viz strany 172–174" (preferred form)

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, LEX (lexical choice errors) ^c

Missing^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#Missing

has super-classes: Edit operation ^c
is also defined as: named individual

MORPH:FORM:BAD_FORM^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_FORM_BAD_FORM

Incorrect or nonstandard word form (morphological form error).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: Morphology ^c

MORPH:INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL

Morphological inflection-related errors (detailed subtypes below).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: Morphology ^c
has sub-classes: MORPH:INFL:BAD_EXPR ^c, MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM ^c, MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM_JENZ ^c, MORPH:INFL:BAD_PRON ^c, MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_BE ^c, MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_FORM ^c, MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_SE ^c, MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ADJ ^c, MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ATTR_MOD ^c, MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_SUBJ_VERB ^c, MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_ME_MNE ^c, MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_YI ^c

MORPH:INFL:BAD_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_EXPR

has super-classes: MORPH:INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_FORM

has super-classes: CS:ADJ_INFL ^c, CS:NOUN_INFL ^c, MORPH:INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM_JENZ^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_FORM_JENZ

Incorrect morphological form of the relative pronoun 'jenž' or its variants.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: CS:PRON_INFL ^c, MORPH:INFL ^c

MORPH:INFL:BAD_PRON^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_PRON

has super-classes: MORPH:INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_BE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_VERB_BE

has super-classes: CS:VERB_INFL ^c, MORPH:INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_FORM^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_VERB_FORM

has super-classes: CS:VERB_INFL ^c, MORPH:INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_SE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_VERB_SE

Incorrect combination of conditional particle and reflexive clitic 'se'.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Aby jsi se dostal na místo. → Aby ses dostal na místo.

has super-classes: MORPH:INFL ^c

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ADJ^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_MISMATCH_ADJ

has super-classes: CS:ADJ_INFL ^c, MORPH:INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ATTR_MOD^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_MISMATCH_ATTR_MOD

has super-classes: CS:ADJ_INFL ^c, MORPH:INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_SUBJ_VERB^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_MISMATCH_SUBJ_VERB

has super-classes: CS:VERB_INFL ^c, MORPH:INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_ME_MNE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_SWAPPED_ME_MNE

has super-classes: MORPH:INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_YI^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_SWAPPED_YI

Incorrect orthographic alternant i vs y causing morphological errors.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Pálí je dobré bidlo. → Pálí je dobré bydlo.

has super-classes: MORPH:INFL ^c

MORPH:MISUSE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_MISUSE

Morphological misuse: errors in usage such as negation, clitics, wrong pronouns, etc.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: Morphology ^c
has sub-classes: MORPH:MISUSE:BAD_NEGATION ^c, MORPH:MISUSE:SWAPPED_MI_MY ^c, MORPH:MISUSE:SWAPPED_SEBOU ^c

MORPH:MISUSE:BAD_NEGATION^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_MISUSE_BAD_NEGATION

Incorrect usage of negation or missing negation particle.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Včera nikdo zůstal doma. → Včera nikdo nezůstal doma.

has super-classes: MORPH:MISUSE ^c

MORPH:MISUSE:SWAPPED_MI_MY^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_MISUSE_SWAPPED_MI_MY

Mistaken usage of 'mi' vs 'my' pronouns.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Lucka se my podívala do očí. → Lucka se mi podívala do očí.

has super-classes: MORPH:MISUSE ^c

MORPH:MISUSE:SWAPPED_SEBOU^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_MISUSE_SWAPPED_SEBOU

Incorrect usage of 'sebou' vs 's sebou'.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Nesl si sebou batoh. → Nesl si s sebou batoh.

has super-classes: MORPH:MISUSE ^c

Morphology^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: MORPH:FORM:BAD_FORM ^c, MORPH:INFL ^c, MORPH:MISUSE ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Noun^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#NOUN

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: NounInflection ^c, NounNumber ^c, NounPossessive ^c, ProperNoun ^c
is also defined as: named individual

NounInflection^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#NOUN_INFL

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c, Noun ^c
has sub-classes: CS:NOUN_INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

NounNumber^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#NOUN_NUM

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c, Noun ^c
is also defined as: named individual

NounPossessive^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#NOUN_POSS

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c, Noun ^c
is also defined as: named individual

ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_CAPITAL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH_CASING_MAKE_CASE_CAPITAL

Token should be capitalized.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Země obíhá kolem slunce. → Země obíhá kolem Slunce.

has super-classes: Orthography ^c

ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_LOWER^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH_CASING_MAKE_CASE_LOWER

Token should not be capitalized.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Hlásil se ke Křesťanství. → Hlásil se ke křesťanství.

has super-classes: Orthography ^c

ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_SENT_START^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH_CASING_MAKE_CASE_SENT_START

First token of sentence should be capitalized.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

vařili jsme oběd. → Vařili jsme oběd.

has super-classes: Orthography ^c

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_CAPITAL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH_CASING_PHRASE_CAPITAL_CAPITAL

Every significant word in multiword proper name should be capitalized.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Šli jsme na velký Javorník. → Šli jsme na Velký Javorník.

has super-classes: Orthography ^c

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH_CASING_PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER

Only first word should be capitalized in a multiword expression.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Pracuji na Masarykově Univerzitě. → Pracuji na Masarykově univerzitě.

has super-classes: Orthography ^c

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH_CASING_PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL

Partially capitalized multiword proper name (some words capitalized).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Jedeme do teplic nad metují. → Jedeme do Teplic nad Metují.

has super-classes: Orthography ^c

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL_LOWER^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH_CASING_PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL_LOWER

Mixed capitalization of multiword place names.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Albrechtice v jizerských horách jsou krásná obec. → Albrechtice v Jizerských horách jsou krásná obec.

has super-classes: Orthography ^c

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_LOWER_CAPITAL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH_CASING_PHRASE_LOWER_CAPITAL

Lowercase then capitalized portion in multiword expression; adjust to lowercase first token.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Pocházím z Východního Slezska. → Pocházím z východního Slezska.

has super-classes: Orthography ^c

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_LOWER_LOWER^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH_CASING_PHRASE_LOWER_LOWER

Multiword expression should be lowercased (no capitals inside).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Hlásil se k Pravoslavné církvi. → Hlásil se k pravoslavné církvi.

has super-classes: Orthography ^c

ORTH:WSPACE:EXTRA_SPACE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH_WSPACE_EXTRA_SPACE

Extra or incorrect whitespace between tokens.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

přes to → přesto

has super-classes: Orthography ^c

Orthography^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_CAPITAL ^c, ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_LOWER ^c, ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_SENT_START ^c, ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_CAPITAL ^c, ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER ^c, ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL ^c, ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL_LOWER ^c, ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_LOWER_CAPITAL ^c, ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_LOWER_LOWER ^c, ORTH:WSPACE:EXTRA_SPACE ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Other^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#OTHER

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: CS:OTHER ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Particle^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PART

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
is also defined as: named individual

PHON (phonological errors)^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PHON

Phonological errors where orthography reflects spoken variant (vocalization, assimilation etc.).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c
has sub-classes: PHON:VOCAL:BAD_PREP ^c

PHON:VOCAL:BAD_PREP^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PHON_VOCAL_BAD_PREP

Bad preposition vocalization causing wrong preposition to be used.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Zavřel ho v sklepě. → Zavřel ho ve sklepě.

has super-classes: PHON (phonological errors) ^c

Preposition^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PREP

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Pronoun^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PRON

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: PronounInflection ^c
is also defined as: named individual

PronounInflection^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PRON_INFL

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c, Pronoun ^c
has sub-classes: CS:PRON_INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

ProperNoun^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PROPN

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c, Noun ^c
has sub-classes: ProperNounInflection ^c
is also defined as: named individual

ProperNounInflection^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PROPN_INFL

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c, ProperNoun ^c
has sub-classes: CS:PROPN_INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Punctuation^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PUNCT

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: CS:QUOTATION ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Replacement^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#Replacement

has super-classes: Edit operation ^c
is also defined as: named individual

SPELL:DICT:CONFUSION^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SPELL_DICT_CONFUSION

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, Spelling ^c
is also defined as: named individual

SPELL:DICT:NOT_FOUND^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SPELL_DICT_NOT_FOUND

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c, Spelling ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Spelling^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SPELL

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: SPELL:DICT:CONFUSION ^c, SPELL:DICT:NOT_FOUND ^c
is also defined as: named individual

STYLE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#STYLE

Style issues: archaic forms, pleonasms, register mismatches, repeated expressions.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c
has sub-classes: STYLE:MISUSE:ARCHAIC_TERM ^c, STYLE:MISUSE:BAD_HONORIFIC ^c, STYLE:MISUSE:PLEONASM ^c, STYLE:MISUSE:PLEONASM_OBA ^c, STYLE:MISUSE:REPEATED_EXPR ^c, STYLE:MISUSE:REPEATED_PRON ^c, STYLE:MISUSE:TOO_MANY_PREPS ^c

STYLE:MISUSE:ARCHAIC_TERM^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#STYLE_MISUSE_ARCHAIC_TERM

Use of archaic or obsolete word forms.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Musíš tu budovu objeti. → Musíš tu budovu objet.

has super-classes: STYLE ^c

STYLE:MISUSE:BAD_HONORIFIC^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#STYLE_MISUSE_BAD_HONORIFIC

Incorrect honorific or vocative form used.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Pane Novák, pojďte dovnitř. → Pane Nováku, pojďte dovnitř.

has super-classes: STYLE ^c

STYLE:MISUSE:PLEONASM^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#STYLE_MISUSE_PLEONASM

Pleonastic / redundant expression.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: STYLE ^c

STYLE:MISUSE:PLEONASM_OBA^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#STYLE_MISUSE_PLEONASM_OBA

Redundant use of 'oba/obě' with doubled expression.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

Četl jsem obě dvě knihy. → Četl jsem obě knihy.

has super-classes: STYLE ^c

STYLE:MISUSE:REPEATED_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#STYLE_MISUSE_REPEATED_EXPR

Unnecessary repetition of words or phrases.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

Example

… prostě přehodnotil, že se mu prostě nezdají. → … přehodnotil, že se mu nezdají.

has super-classes: STYLE ^c

STYLE:MISUSE:REPEATED_PRON^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#STYLE_MISUSE_REPEATED_PRON

Repeated pronoun usage (redundant pronouns).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: STYLE ^c

STYLE:MISUSE:TOO_MANY_PREPS^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#STYLE_MISUSE_TOO_MANY_PREPS

Use of excessive prepositions (stylistic error).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: STYLE ^c

SYNTAX^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SYNTAX

Syntactic errors: bad sentence structure, missing components, wrong clause connections.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c
has sub-classes: SYNTAX:MISUSE:BAD_PRON_POS ^c, SYNTAX:MISUSE:BAD_SENT_CONN ^c, SYNTAX:MISUSE:BAD_SENT_STRUCTURE ^c, SYNTAX:MISUSE:COLLOQ_CO ^c, SYNTAX:MISUSE:ZEUGMA ^c, SYNTAX:OMM:MISSING_VERB ^c

SYNTAX:MISUSE:BAD_PRON_POS^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SYNTAX_MISUSE_BAD_PRON_POS

Incorrect position of pronoun causing syntactic/semantic error.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: SYNTAX ^c

SYNTAX:MISUSE:BAD_SENT_CONN^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SYNTAX_MISUSE_BAD_SENT_CONN

Incorrect sentence connector or conjunction usage (bad sentence linking).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: SYNTAX ^c

SYNTAX:MISUSE:BAD_SENT_STRUCTURE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SYNTAX_MISUSE_BAD_SENT_STRUCTURE

Ill-formed sentence structure (fragment, run-on, or mis-ordered constituents).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: SYNTAX ^c

SYNTAX:MISUSE:COLLOQ_CO^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SYNTAX_MISUSE_COLLOQ_CO

Use of colloquial 'co' in inappropriate contexts (register/syntax error).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: SYNTAX ^c

SYNTAX:MISUSE:ZEUGMA^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SYNTAX_MISUSE_ZEUGMA

Zeugma or faulty coordination where a word governs multiple complements incorrectly.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: SYNTAX ^c

SYNTAX:OMM:MISSING_VERB^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SYNTAX_OMM_MISSING_VERB

Missing verb or predicate in clause (omission leading to ungrammatical clause).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: SYNTAX ^c

TYPO (typography & punctuation)^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#TYPO

Typographical issues, punctuation spacing and similar surface-level errors.

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ) ^c
has sub-classes: TYPO:PUNCT:GENERAL ^c

TYPO:PUNCT:GENERAL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#TYPO_PUNCT_GENERAL

General typography/punctuation errors (wrong punctuation or spacing).

Source: Opravidlo correction rules

has super-classes: TYPO (typography & punctuation) ^c

Unknown^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#UNK

Detected edits that were not assigned a clear error type.

Source: UCAM-CL-TR-938 (Christopher Bryant, 2019).

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c

Unnecessary^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#Unnecessary

has super-classes: Edit operation ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Verb^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#VERB

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: VerbAgreement ^c, VerbForm ^c, VerbInflection ^c, VerbTense ^c
is also defined as: named individual

VerbAgreement^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#VERB_SVA

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c, Verb ^c
is also defined as: named individual

VerbForm^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#VERB_FORM

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c, Verb ^c
is also defined as: named individual

VerbInflection^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#VERB_INFL

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c, Verb ^c
has sub-classes: CS:VERB_INFL ^c
is also defined as: named individual

VerbTense^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#VERB_TENSE

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c, Verb ^c
is also defined as: named individual

WordOrder^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#WO

has super-classes: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has sub-classes: CS:WO ^c
is also defined as: named individual

Object Properties

allowedOperation

allowedOperation^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#allowedOperation

Maps an error type to allowed operation(s): Missing, Replacement, Unnecessary.

has domain: ERRANT error type (generic) ^c
has range: Edit operation ^c

alt Label^ap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel

definition^ap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition

example^ap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#example

language^ap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/language

license^ap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/license

pref Label^ap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel

source^ap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/source

Named Individuals

Adjective
AdjectiveInflection
Adverb
Conjunction
Contraction
CS:ADJ_INFL
CS:NOUN_INFL
CS:NUM_INFL
CS:OTHER
CS:PRON_INFL
CS:PROPN_INFL
CS:QUOTATION
CS:VERB_INFL
CS:WO
Determiner
MORPH:INFL:BAD_EXPR
MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM
MORPH:INFL:BAD_PRON
MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_BE
MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_FORM
MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ADJ
MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ATTR_MOD
MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_SUBJ_VERB
MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_ME_MNE
Morphology
Noun
NounInflection
NounNumber
NounPossessive
Orthography
Other
Particle
Preposition
Pronoun
PronounInflection
ProperNoun
ProperNounInflection
Punctuation
SPELL:DICT:CONFUSION
SPELL:DICT:NOT_FOUND
Spelling
Verb
VerbAgreement
VerbForm
VerbInflection
VerbTense
WordOrder

Adjectiveⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ADJ

has facts: part of speech ^op adjective ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

AdjectiveInflectionⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ADJ_INFL

has facts: part of speech ^op adjective ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Adverbⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ADV

has facts: part of speech ^op adverb ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Conjunctionⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CONJ

has facts: part of speech ^op conjunction ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Contractionⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CONTR

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

CS:ADJ_INFLⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_ADJ_INFL

has facts: case ^op accusative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op dative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op genitive case ⁿⁱ; case ^op instrumental case ⁿⁱ; case ^op locative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op nominative case ⁿⁱ; degree ^op comparative Degree ⁿⁱ; degree ^op positive Degree ⁿⁱ; degree ^op superlative Degree ⁿⁱ; grammatical gender ^op feminine ⁿⁱ; grammatical gender ^op masculine ⁿⁱ; grammatical gender ^op neuter ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op plural ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op singular ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

CS:NOUN_INFLⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_NOUN_INFL

has facts: case ^op accusative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op dative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op genitive case ⁿⁱ; case ^op instrumental case ⁿⁱ; case ^op locative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op nominative case ⁿⁱ; grammatical gender ^op feminine ⁿⁱ; grammatical gender ^op masculine ⁿⁱ; grammatical gender ^op neuter ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op plural ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op singular ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

CS:NUM_INFLⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_NUM_INFL

has facts: case ^op accusative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op dative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op genitive case ⁿⁱ; case ^op instrumental case ⁿⁱ; case ^op locative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op nominative case ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op plural ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op singular ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

CS:OTHERⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_OTHER

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

CS:PRON_INFLⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_PRON_INFL

has facts: case ^op accusative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op dative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op genitive case ⁿⁱ; case ^op instrumental case ⁿⁱ; case ^op locative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op nominative case ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op plural ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op singular ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

CS:PROPN_INFLⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_PROPN_INFL

has facts: case ^op accusative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op dative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op genitive case ⁿⁱ; case ^op instrumental case ⁿⁱ; case ^op locative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op nominative case ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op plural ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op singular ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

CS:QUOTATIONⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_QUOTATION

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

CS:VERB_INFLⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_VERB_INFL

has facts: aspect ^op imperfective ⁿⁱ; aspect ^op perfective ⁿⁱ; mood ^op conditional ⁿⁱ; mood ^op imperative ⁿⁱ; mood ^op indicative ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op plural ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op singular ⁿⁱ; person ^op first person ⁿⁱ; person ^op second person ⁿⁱ; person ^op third person ⁿⁱ; tense ^op future ⁿⁱ; tense ^op past ⁿⁱ; tense ^op present ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

CS:WOⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#CS_WO

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Determinerⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#DET

has facts: part of speech ^op determiner ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

MORPH:INFL:BAD_EXPRⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_EXPR

has facts: degree ^op comparative Degree ⁿⁱ; degree ^op positive Degree ⁿⁱ; degree ^op superlative Degree ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORMⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_FORM

has facts: case ^op genitive case ⁿⁱ; case ^op instrumental case ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

MORPH:INFL:BAD_PRONⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_PRON

has facts: part of speech ^op pronoun ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_BEⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_VERB_BE

has facts: mood ^op conditional ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_FORMⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_BAD_VERB_FORM

has facts: grammatical number ^op plural ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op singular ⁿⁱ; person ^op first person ⁿⁱ; person ^op second person ⁿⁱ; person ^op third person ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ADJⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_MISMATCH_ADJ

has facts: case ^op instrumental case ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op plural ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op singular ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ATTR_MODⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_MISMATCH_ATTR_MOD

has facts: case ^op accusative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op locative case ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_SUBJ_VERBⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_MISMATCH_SUBJ_VERB

has facts: person ^op third person ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_ME_MNEⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH_INFL_SWAPPED_ME_MNE

has facts: case ^op genitive case ⁿⁱ; case ^op instrumental case ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Morphologyⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#MORPH

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Nounⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#NOUN

has facts: part of speech ^op noun ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

NounInflectionⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#NOUN_INFL

has facts: part of speech ^op noun ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

NounNumberⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#NOUN_NUM

has facts: part of speech ^op noun ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

NounPossessiveⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#NOUN_POSS

has facts: part of speech ^op noun ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Orthographyⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#ORTH

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Otherⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#OTHER

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Particleⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PART

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Prepositionⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PREP

has facts: part of speech ^op adposition ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Pronounⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PRON

has facts: part of speech ^op pronoun ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

PronounInflectionⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PRON_INFL

has facts: part of speech ^op pronoun ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

ProperNounⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PROPN

has facts: part of speech ^op proper noun ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

ProperNounInflectionⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PROPN_INFL

has facts: case ^op accusative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op dative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op genitive case ⁿⁱ; case ^op instrumental case ⁿⁱ; case ^op locative case ⁿⁱ; case ^op nominative case ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op plural ⁿⁱ; grammatical number ^op singular ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Punctuationⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#PUNCT

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

SPELL:DICT:CONFUSIONⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SPELL_DICT_CONFUSION

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

SPELL:DICT:NOT_FOUNDⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SPELL_DICT_NOT_FOUND

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Spellingⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#SPELL

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Verbⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#VERB

has facts: part of speech ^op verb ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

VerbAgreementⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#VERB_SVA

has facts: part of speech ^op verb ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

VerbFormⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#VERB_FORM

has facts: part of speech ^op verb ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

VerbInflectionⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#VERB_INFL

has facts: part of speech ^op verb ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

VerbTenseⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#VERB_TENSE

has facts: part of speech ^op verb ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Missing ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ; allowedOperation ^op Unnecessary ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

WordOrderⁿⁱ back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/errant#WO

has facts: allowedOperation ^op Replacement ⁿⁱ
is also defined as: class

Legend back to ToC

^c: Classes
^op: Object Properties
ⁿⁱ: Named Individuals

References

Christopher Bryant. Automatic Annotation and Evaluation of Error Types for Grammatical Error Correction. Technical Report UCAM-CL-TR-938. https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/techreports/UCAM-CL-TR-938.pdf
Jakub Náplava, Milan Straka, Jana Straková, Alexandr Rosen. Czech Grammar Error Correction with a Large and Diverse Corpus. Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics. https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00470/110536/Czech-Grammar-Error-Correction-with-a-Large-and
Dana Hlaváčková, Jakub Machura, Hana Žižková, Vojtěch Kovář, Zuzana Nevěřilová. Czech Proofreading Rules. 2025. LINDAT/CLARIAH-CZ Digital Library, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (ÚFAL).

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.

ERRANT + ERRANT-CZ + Opravidlo extension error-type vocabulary

Release: 2025-10-05

Abstract

Introduction

Overview

Description

Cross-reference for ERRANT + ERRANT-CZ + Opravidlo extension error-type vocabulary classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

Classes

Adjectivec back to ToC or Class ToC

AdjectiveInflectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

Adverbc back to ToC or Class ToC

Conjunctionc back to ToC or Class ToC

Contractionc back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:ADJ_INFLc back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:NOUN_INFLc back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:NUM_INFLc back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:OTHERc back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:PRON_INFLc back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:PROPN_INFLc back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:QUOTATIONc back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:VERB_INFLc back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:WOc back to ToC or Class ToC

Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ)c back to ToC or Class ToC

Determinerc back to ToC or Class ToC

Edit operationc back to ToC or Class ToC

ERRANT error type (generic)c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX (lexical choice errors)c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:BAD_EXPRc back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:BAD_PRONc back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:BAD_WORDc back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:HYPERCORRECT_EXPRc back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:INCORR_EXPRc back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:INCORRECT_DRUHAKc back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:POTENTIAL_BAD_EXPRc back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:VIZc back to ToC or Class ToC

Missingc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:FORM:BAD_FORMc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFLc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_EXPRc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORMc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM_JENZc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_PRONc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_BEc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_FORMc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_SEc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ADJc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ATTR_MODc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_SUBJ_VERBc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_ME_MNEc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_YIc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:MISUSEc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:MISUSE:BAD_NEGATIONc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:MISUSE:SWAPPED_MI_MYc back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:MISUSE:SWAPPED_SEBOUc back to ToC or Class ToC

Morphologyc back to ToC or Class ToC

Nounc back to ToC or Class ToC

NounInflectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

NounNumberc back to ToC or Class ToC

NounPossessivec back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_CAPITALc back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_LOWERc back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_SENT_STARTc back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_CAPITALc back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWERc back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITALc back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL_LOWERc back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_LOWER_CAPITALc back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_LOWER_LOWERc back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:WSPACE:EXTRA_SPACEc back to ToC or Class ToC

Orthographyc back to ToC or Class ToC

Otherc back to ToC or Class ToC

Particlec back to ToC or Class ToC

PHON (phonological errors)c back to ToC or Class ToC

PHON:VOCAL:BAD_PREPc back to ToC or Class ToC

Prepositionc back to ToC or Class ToC

Pronounc back to ToC or Class ToC

PronounInflectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

ProperNounc back to ToC or Class ToC

ProperNounInflectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

Punctuationc back to ToC or Class ToC

Adjective^c back to ToC or Class ToC

AdjectiveInflection^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Adverb^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Conjunction^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Contraction^c back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:ADJ_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:NOUN_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:NUM_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:OTHER^c back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:PRON_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:PROPN_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:QUOTATION^c back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:VERB_INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

CS:WO^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Czech-specific error type (ERRANT-CZ)^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Determiner^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Edit operation^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ERRANT error type (generic)^c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX (lexical choice errors)^c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:BAD_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:BAD_PRON^c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:BAD_WORD^c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:HYPERCORRECT_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:INCORR_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:INCORRECT_DRUHAK^c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:POTENTIAL_BAD_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

LEX:MISUSE:VIZ^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Missing^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:FORM:BAD_FORM^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_EXPR^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_FORM_JENZ^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_PRON^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_BE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_FORM^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:BAD_VERB_SE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ADJ^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_ATTR_MOD^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:MISMATCH_SUBJ_VERB^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_ME_MNE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:INFL:SWAPPED_YI^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:MISUSE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:MISUSE:BAD_NEGATION^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:MISUSE:SWAPPED_MI_MY^c back to ToC or Class ToC

MORPH:MISUSE:SWAPPED_SEBOU^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Morphology^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Noun^c back to ToC or Class ToC

NounInflection^c back to ToC or Class ToC

NounNumber^c back to ToC or Class ToC

NounPossessive^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_CAPITAL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_LOWER^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:MAKE_CASE_SENT_START^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_CAPITAL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_CAPITAL_LOWER_CAPITAL_LOWER^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_LOWER_CAPITAL^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:CASING:PHRASE_LOWER_LOWER^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ORTH:WSPACE:EXTRA_SPACE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Orthography^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Other^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Particle^c back to ToC or Class ToC

PHON (phonological errors)^c back to ToC or Class ToC

PHON:VOCAL:BAD_PREP^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Preposition^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Pronoun^c back to ToC or Class ToC

PronounInflection^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ProperNoun^c back to ToC or Class ToC

ProperNounInflection^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Punctuation^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Replacement^c back to ToC or Class ToC

SPELL:DICT:CONFUSION^c back to ToC or Class ToC

SPELL:DICT:NOT_FOUND^c back to ToC or Class ToC

Spelling^c back to ToC or Class ToC

STYLE^c back to ToC or Class ToC

STYLE:MISUSE:ARCHAIC_TERM^c back to ToC or Class ToC

STYLE:MISUSE:BAD_HONORIFIC^c back to ToC or Class ToC

STYLE:MISUSE:PLEONASM^c back to ToC or Class ToC